生死与轮回

      看完这部长达四个小时的纪录片之后，感受到了前所未有的通达，因为今生不用再去纠结人从何来，去往何处，有何意义，有何价值的问题。
      当你无法证明一件事情真实存在的时候，就只有去证明它不存在，而当所有现有认知范畴之内的科学实验都无法证明它不存在的时候又当如何，我一直信奉佛教，但信的不真不实，毕竟十多年的唯物教育总是会让人生疑，而正是这部纪录片解释了我内心中所有的疑问，并且给予我一个准确的答案。
      相信同很多人一样，会害怕从小听到的一些妖魔鬼怪，即使不是，也总会一个人在黑暗中感到恐惧，或是害怕一些超出我们认知范围之内的现象，那么我们到底在恐惧什么？这也是我信仰佛教的原动力，我认为佛教的正气可以保护我，慢慢深入了解之后会发觉佛教的教义中有太多正能量的思想，可以让我活得轻松快乐，但自始至终我都不相信轮回，也不去为了一个遥不可期的来世强求自己。
      在一开始看到这部纪录片的时候我是抱着百分之百怀疑的态度，唯物主义的灌输让我总是会去辩证的分析片中每一件案例，并提出质疑，但我所有的质疑终被科学证据逐一反驳，以至于最后哑口无言，使我真正相信这个世界上确实存在灵魂（姑且称之为灵魂，因为实在无法定义），同时也确有转世，躯体不过是人精神灵魂的载体，当躯体无法继续提供精神前进的动力之时，灵魂会脱离死亡的肉体并开始准备前往下一个载体。这也是藏传佛教一直在做的事情——寻找转世灵童，其过程可参考纪录片《转世小活佛》，一个四五岁的转世活佛，能在一桌从未见过的法器中准确挑出自己前世用过的法器，同时能在自己前世闭关过的地方准确说出曾经的陈设，这本就无法解释。
      我以前总在想，如果说人能转世，那么动物呢？在这部纪录片中明确给出了一个不依靠神学，却又最终回归神学的解释，就是万事万物皆有灵，在灵魂每一世的磨炼中，不断积累，不断壮大，才能获得相应的载体，人也同样，做为这个世界最高等的生物，也正是在这种不断的磨练中获得成长。
      最初提出“进化论”的达尔文，在他耗尽毕生心血去研究论证之后，于晚年开始信奉基督教，并对神进行忏悔，希望能够收回自己耗尽一生的学说。而这种学说能够一直被公认的原因在于，人们喜欢把自己当作宇宙的中心，当不再受宗教约束的时候，人感到了前所未有的自由，而这种自由是基于谬论以及自欺欺人的基础上，并被一部分势力所利用，来达到自己的目的。
      这部纪录片既不宣扬神学的崇高，也不认同唯物论的绝对。一切靠事实与现有科学技术的论证来表明，而实验表明，人的意识并不来源于大脑（具体论证不再赘述，片中会提及到），大脑只不过是意识的载体，人的大脑就相当于一台电脑的键盘与鼠标，当你下达一个指令时，身体会做出相应的行动与反映，那么到底是谁在下达这样的指令？我不是研究者，更不是科学家，只是想说片中大量的证据都让人不得不相信一个现实，就是确实有轮回，也有所谓灵魂的存在，虽没有神学中那样有具体规律的定性，但很多结论我们可以用神学的一些内容去理解，去解释，当然随着人类认知的不断提高，这种解释也会深化，会改变。
      在人类认知的过程中，更多都是在去寻找一种自己最能够接受和理解的所谓真相，就像远古的人们燃料只有木头，于是便觉得太阳是一个燃烧的木球，之后发现了煤炭，又认为太阳是一个烧红的煤球，近代发现了核能的聚裂变，于是就有了当下的解释，那么未来呢？
      这部纪录片的意义我想说，我们大可不必为了有没有灵魂这件事大费周章，甚至争论的面红耳赤，毕竟有亦或没有都无法改变人本体生来的状态，当下的结论也无法证明今生的存在能够对来世带来何种影响，想要绝对论证是否存在本就是矛盾的，毕竟不能去亲身尝试结束灵魂当前载体的存在，即使结束也无法保证能够回来诉说，但确有机缘巧合死而复生的人来讲述那一片绝对公正，平静，幸福的乐土，而且不是一个两个，但人只要不是亲眼见到或是量化的展示是不会真正相信别人超出自己认知范围的言论。
      所以这部纪录片给我的意义正如标题一般，我并不是想要说服看到这篇影评的朋友去相信什么，只是想单纯的表达对于自己或许称得上是前世记忆，以及一些难以理解的疑惑被解决之后的兴奋。正确的做事，肯定会做出正确的事，万事万物皆有因果，少一点功利主义的追求，多一些不为什么的坚持，今生方得以进步，至于来世，不强求，也与今生祸福无关，量的积累够了，质的飞跃还会远吗。
      梦在远方，路在当下，走好眼前每一步才是真的，至于结果顺其自然。
      人总是会相信自己选择相信的，也许这部纪录片从一开始就是一个骗局，但我选择相信它，因为至少“编织”出的理论，让我能够坦然面对生死，面对一切未知的世界，面对多舛的生活，于我，足矣。

大部分吧。有一小部分没写。

Episode Four: Reincarnation Decoded 轮回解码

The word reincarnation refers to the concept that human beings and perhaps non-human beings consists two separable components, a physical body and a psychic entity called the soul. After the death of a physical body, the soul persists and eventually becomes associated with a new body. Though the transmigration of the soul has been widely accepted throughout history and across cultures, to most people today, reincarnation is mostly conceptual.

The immortal nature of the soul is emphasized. Over and over again, these verses remind us that the soul is immortal, the body may live and die, but it comes to be again.
The same soul which you know here will take another form and be another being at different time. So you may not know or recognize the person, but that soul is eternal.
It does not born, it does not die, having been, it will never not be, unborn, enduring, constant and prime module.

It is this indestructible, spiritual and eternal nature of the soul, that underscores the fact that the soul and the body are fundamentally different.

If there is soul, which is considered to be self born, permanent, eternal, ancient. Even if the body is killed, this is not killed. so therefore it had its existence.

the body may have the full biochemical functional capacity to move, but it can’t do so without something or someone to do the moving. The body needs the soul.

I am the soul and I have a body.

If the soul is the part that feels, provides recognition and awareness of eye, then consciousness and the source of consciousness are not mysteries anymore.
The soul is like the sun, illuminate a particular area. sometimes it is described like a lamp or a candle, the light of the candle will fill up a room, in the same way that the illumination of the soul would fill up the body.

We’re the source of consciousness and the body, the eternal soul, it is this soul which is the meaning giver to the body snd not the other way around.
the fact that the body and the soul are fundementally different makes it possible for the soul to move from one body to another. this is an essential component in the process of reincarnation.


As a men discards worn cloth to put on new and different ones, so the body itself discards its worn up bodies to take on the new ones. So that is not really a time to feel sad. we’re only discarding staff which we don’t need anymore.

this ongoing cycle of birth and death gives us a definite sense of relationship between the perishable body and the eternal soul.

the soul possess three qualities: eternal, conscious, nirvana (极乐)

How is this eternal, enlightened and blissful nature of the soul perceivable in our present body and existence? Nearly all of us long to live forever, even the tiniest creatures takes the most amazing measures to avoid death. This universal will to live is all the more remarkable when we consider that death is the most undeniable fact of life. why do we have such a deep rooted of desire for eternal existence? something that is so utterly impossible for the body to attain. Why does this deep rooted longing come from? Perhaps this longing comes from the inner most essence of our being, the soul, which is by nature eternal. We long to live forever, because we as souls are eternal.
All of us are insatiably curious. Some people are curious about celebrity gossip, others about breaking news, still others about the stars in the sky. And human beings are not alone in their curiosity. If we try to understand that curiosity in the context of being no more than physical bodies, we will come to a dead end. This insatiable curiosity originates in the soul, which is by nature, consicious and full of knowledge. All of us instinctively seek happiness, be it through humor, risk, adventure, entertainment, romance or anything else. Pleasure is what we constantly seek. Once again, we are not alone. Studies of animal behavior have shown that they too strive for pleasure. The body allows us so few avenues through which we can get pleasure, as it is the cause of much grief as well. If we were just our physical bodies, then why would we have a thirst for pleasure that we are so XXX to satisfy? Our thirst for pleasure originates in the joyfulness inherit to the soul.
We might wonder then, if we are actually immortal, full of knowledge and bliss, why don’t we feel so? The answer lies in how deeply the soul is buried. Our past materialistic actions create deep impressions on our psyche that almost entirely obscure our awareness of the soul or our spiritual identity or consciousness. Further, it is the covering of this consciousness that differentiates between humans, animals and plants.

No living being lives in vein and dies without reason. Every living being, no matter how insignificant its life may seem, takes small yet significant steps toward this evolution.
"So we maybe a human being. we could be an animal. it is a creature. and therefore all these creatures at some point will reach liberation. "

18:10
Much like buddhism, Jainism too believes in reincarnation. The sacred texts of Jainism (耆那教) lay particular emphasis on karma as a fundamental concept, closely inner linked with the philosophical concepts of transmigration, reincarnation, liberation, nonviolence, and non attachment. On account of its karma, the soul takes birth sometimes as an ant, or an animal, or bird, or human, or into the different worlds of god of demons and so on. The soul bound by karma goes round and round in the cycle of birth and death till it achieves liberation.

19:06
Reincarnation is also central in the belief system of Sikhism (锡克教). The holy text of Sikhism states that all living beings including animals have souls and the souls go through different life forms until they’re purified to become one with god. Further, it states that there are 8.4 millions of species and the soul goes through them all. To break the cycle of life and death, one has to serve the true god, and meditate on the word of god, then one will attain salvation. For them, the cycle of birth and death is eliminated.

20:03
A little further west, the ancient religions of Mediterranean 地中海 world developed quite different kinds of reincarnation beliefs. For instance, Greek platonism asserted the pre-existence of the soul in the celestial world end its fall into human body due to sin. in order to be liberated from its bound age and return to the state of pure being, the soul needed to be purified through reincarnation. In stating such beliefs, Plato shows the influence of the earlier philosophical schools of Orphism and Pythagorusim. The first important Greek philosophical system that adopted a view on reincarnation was Neoplatonism (新柏拉图主义) in the 3rd century ID under certain eastern influences.

“When reincarnation arrives in Greek philosophy in this person Pythagorus we think, it comes in that crystalized form that took many centuries to develop in India, and again that’s some indirect evidence. It’s good we can get seems that the doctrine came from India into Greece.”

Perhaps the most colorful explanation or story about reincarnation comes in the dialogue of Phaedrus where the soul is analogized as a carriage drawn by two horses. One is the dark horse, full of spirit and energy but hard to control. And the other, a white horse, who is easier and also full of spirit but more obedient.
“In the Phaedrus reincarnation story, he imagines the soul upon bodily death, ascending up to heaven. As the soul rises, it can gain a glimpse of a beautiful field of what Plato calls forms, so perfect beauty, perfect justice and so on. And there’s a possession of Gods watching this field, and as you rise, you can join that possession and if reason is in supreme control, it seems the carriage can rise and can stay there. and that would be like loses or moksa (从灵魂中得到解脱) in an indian doctrine, escaping from the cycle of reincarnation. But if the reason is not in good control and the horses are doing what they want, they’re gonna lose interest in that field of beautiful forms, it’s not something that they can really appreciate and so they pull the carriage back down and the soul goes back to another incarnation.”

22:30
In Greek terminology, psychosis (精神病) gets translated as reincarnation and katharsis (净化) as purification. And to finally escape from the cycle of reincarnation, is the substitute for moksa. So purification is the goal. It seems that for Greek philosophers, their intellectual activities and religious practices were all efforts to purity their souls. So when they were reborn, they would be born into better human reincarnations.

“Plato actually spells out the hierarchy of people. He thinks that the best incarnation is to be a philosopher, a lover of wisdom and of beauty. and that if you’re a good philosopher, you’ll eventually escape human life all together and live with gods and perceive the forms.”

According to the Greek philosophy, our present life is actually a preparation for the after life. Plato says it quite clearly in his book Phaedrus, philosophy is the preparation of death. What is death? What happens to us when we die?
Vedic (吠陀) wisdom answers this profound question by outlining broad principles that shape the soul’s journey after the body dies. The three stages of the souls postmortal (死后的) journey also establish the process of reincarnation. The soul leaves the present body, it travels to the location of its next body and then it enters the next body. According to this model, the soul is concealed by our physical body which is referred to as the gross material body and the subtle body which consists of the mind, the intelligence and the ego.


“One of the great contributions of the texts like the Bhagavad-Gita and more largely schools of Samkhya (数论派) and Yoga is that there’re three distinct things that they recognize. the material body, the subtle body, and third thing that they recognize, I do believe it’s not something that widely discussed in western philosophy and theology and therefore not discussed in western science, is that they recognize consciousness is entirely separated from that.”

Reincarnation is therefore something like taking off an old suit and putting on a new one. just as the type of suit we wear is usually determined by our taste and our budget. The soul’s new suit is determined by its desires, its attachments and the karma it is required.
Similar to the belief systems of the Greeks, as detailed by Plato, the 8.4 million species of the world are arranged in a grated hierarchy with aquatics and plants of the bottom, and humans of the top. Those toward the bottom are limited and depend on nature’s arrangement to be elevated to the higher levels of the hierarchy. Thus, this hierarchy serves as the pathway for the progressive reincarnation of the soul.
But this changes when the soul gets a human body. Why? Because the human body allows the soul to express its free will. The capacity of the human body to redirect its consciousness from a material to a spiritual level, offers the soul an opportunity to escape the cycle of reincarnation and attain an eternal life. When we attain this destination, the mystery of reincarnation is unraveled.
Death transcended (超越), eternity reclaimed.

The soul equipped with this knowledge can reside with the ever loving or attractive absolute truth. This is the final destination of the soul.

The fact is that many cultures of the world have believed in reincarnation and continue to do so at present.

“You don’t have to fear death, but you certainly don’t need to rush to it either. It will come when it’s time.”

圣奥古斯汀－自由意志



Global expansion of European colonialism and the Arabian faith also let to disbelieve in reincarnation further west and in the western eyes parts of the east. But we can still infer that the principle of reincarnation has enjoyed wide spread acceptance throughout most of known human history and presents a global intellectual appeal. Ralph Waldo Emerson, an American poet and father of the transcendentalism (超验主义) movement in the 19th century said the soul comes from without into the human body as into a temporary a boat and it goes out of it and you it passed into other habitations, for the soul is immortal.
Tracing back humanity thought footprints about reincarnation from early antiquity to the present day, across a wide spectrum of time, faith, civilization and great thinkers, at least one thing stands to reason, the idea of reincarnation has always existed and is deeply intwined with man's philosophical journey. If we agree that our body is peripheral (外围的次要的) to our core identity, all bodily differences stand exposed as inconsequential. We may have been born and bred in different races, classes, nations, cultures or even religions, but all these catagories apply only to our bodies. Beyond these bodies, are our souls. A sense of awareness that life is an unending continuum, in which death is a milestone that we have past many times before, helps expand the horizon of our consciousness, far beyond death in this lifetime to be ultimate destination of eternal happiness.

This reincarnation world view offers us freedom from materialism, bodily discrimination, fear of death and the agony of bereavement. Us is an age characterized by a zeal for freedom and a willingness to sacrifice anything for that end. Maybe it’s time to direct that zeal toward gaining all these freedoms and sacrificing whatever preconceptions stand in our way.

As the saint Austrian philosopher Rudolf Steiner once said, just as an age was once ready to receive the Copernican theory of the universe, so is our age ready for the idea of reincarnation to be brought into the general consciousness of humanity.

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作者：陌上赏花人（来自豆瓣）
来源：//movie.douban.com/review/7950808/


总觉得自己有太多放不下。总觉得执和贪才是很多事情的元凶。执念让整个的自己都不轻松，有太多顾忌，而无法洒脱。强留一些无法挽留的，最后的最后，也可以归结到贪上。因为觉得人活一世，不该有遗憾。面对看不尽的世界，学不完的知识，会有急迫感，做不完，该怎么办。
错过的人，和慢慢走出自己生命的人，总是不甘。爱过之后，那剩下的是什么？在生命的某一段里，因为某种原因跟我相遇的那些人，是不是塑造了某一部分的我，然后就离开了，或许永远不会再出现？
我一直执念于“再见”，执念于留下的，是什么。而对于“永远不见“ 有深深的恐惧。

所以轮回，若是冥冥之中，这一世你遇到的人，都跟你在往世中有过无数的纠缠，而这样的链接或许将无止尽的发生下去，是不是有种终于可以轻描淡写的浪漫。

比如那个转角遇到的男生，或许这一世不会再相遇，可是下一世，会挣扎着回到你的生命中，那么就可以放下很多强迫事情发生的执念。

其实真的很想相信轮回转世，所以努力和自己建立在唯物论基础上的认知做斗争。

总觉得自己有太多放不下。总觉得执和贪才是很多事情的元凶。执念让整个的自己都不轻松，有太多顾忌，而无法洒脱。强留一些无法挽留的，最后的最后，也可以归结到贪上。因为觉得人活一世，不该有遗憾。面对看不尽的世界，学不完的知识，会有急迫感，做不完，该怎么办。
错过的人，和慢慢走出自己生命的人，总是不甘。爱过之后，那剩下的是什么？在生命的某一段里，因为某种原因跟我相遇的那些人，是不是塑造了某一部分的我，然后就离开了，或许永远不会再出现？
我一直执念于“再见”，执念于留下的，是什么。而对于“永远不见“ 有深深的恐惧。

所以轮回，若是冥冥之中，这一世你遇到的人，都跟你在往世中有过无数的纠缠，而这样的链接或许将无止尽的发生下去，是不是有种终于可以轻描淡写的浪漫。

比如那个转角遇到的男生，或许这一世不会再相遇，可是下一世，会挣扎着回到你的生命中，那么就可以放下很多强迫事情发生的执念。

其实真的很想相信轮回转世，所以努力和自己建立在唯物论基础上的认知做斗争。